Pala & Petersen 2015 — in vivo unitary E→I postsynaptic differences in mouse ba…

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  "n": null,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.neuron.2014.11.025",
  "claim": "Pala & Petersen 2015 — in vivo unitary E→I postsynaptic differences in mouse barrel L2/3; included to anchor methodology and per-target unitary statistics for the L2/3 E projection neurons (note: targets are I, but presynaptic = E pyramid).",
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]

Single-cell optogenetic stimulation combined with whole-cell recordings in mouse L2/3 barrel cortex showed that PV-expressing GABAergic neurons received unitary glutamatergic synaptic input from L2/3 excitatory neurons with higher probability than somatostatin-expressing neurons; the connection probability E→PV was 51% (23/45) vs E→Sst 31% (18/59), with E→PV uEPSPs faster and more reliable than E→Sst.

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Intracellular recordings of membrane potential in vitro have defined fundamental properties of synaptic communication. Much less is known about the properties of synaptic connectivity and synaptic transmission in vivo. Here, we combined single-cell optogenetics with whole-cell recordings to investigate glutamatergic synaptic transmission in vivo from single identified excitatory neurons onto two genetically defined subtypes of inhibitory GABAergic neurons in layer 2/3 mouse barrel cortex. We found that parvalbumin-expressing (PV) GABAergic neurons received unitary glutamatergic synaptic input with higher probability than somatostatin-expressing (Sst) GABAergic neurons. Unitary excitatory postsynaptic potentials onto PV neurons were also faster and more reliable than inputs onto Sst neurons. Excitatory synapses targeting Sst neurons displayed strong short-term facilitation, while those targeting PV neurons showed little short-term dynamics. Our results largely agree with in vitro measurements. We therefore demonstrate the technical feasibility of assessing functional cell-type-specific synaptic connectivity in vivo, allowing future investigations into context-dependent modulation of