In response to prediction errors, VIP neurons inhibit a specific subpopulation…

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  "n": null,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41586-024-07851-w",
  "claim": "In response to prediction errors, VIP neurons inhibit a specific subpopulation of somatostatin-expressing inhibitory interneurons that gate excitatory pulvinar input to V1, resulting in specific pulv…",
  "cite_key": "Furutachi2024",
  "evidence": "The brain functions as a prediction machine, utilizing an internal model of the world to anticipate sensations and the outcomes of our actions. Discrepancies between expected and actual events, referred to as prediction errors, are leveraged to update the internal model and guide our attention towards unexpected events. Despite the importance of prediction-error signals for various neural computations across the brain, surprisingly little is known about the neural circuit mechanisms responsible ...",
  "effect_size": "We recorded neural activity of layer 2/3 neurons in V1 using two-photon calcium imaging(Fig.and), and observed a stronger response to a visual stimulus that was novel and therefore unexpected (stimulus C in block 1) compared with the same stimulus when it was expected (stimulus C in second half of block 2,< 1 × 10, hierarchical bootstrapping test; Fig.and Extended Data Fig.), consistent with previous studies in humans, non-human primates and rodents.",
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  "study_system": "mouse; V1, visual cortex; computational model; Nature",
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  "effect_size_source_sentence": "We recorded neural activity of layer 2/3 neurons in V1 using two-photon calcium imaging(Fig.and), and observed a stronger response to a visual stimulus that was novel and therefore unexpected (stimulus C in block 1) compared with the same stimulus when it was expected (stimulus C in second half of block 2,< 1 × 10, hierarchical bootstrapping test; Fig.and Extended Data Fig.), consistent with previous studies in humans, non-human primates and rodents."
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We recorded neural activity of layer 2/3 neurons in V1 using two-photon calcium imaging(Fig.and), and observed a stronger response to a visual stimulus that was novel and therefore unexpected (stimulus C in block 1) compared with the same stimulus when it was expected (stimulus C in second half of block 2,< 1 × 10, hierarchical bootstrapping test; Fig.and Extended Data Fig.), consistent with previous studies in humans, non-human primates and rodents.

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In response to prediction errors, VIP neurons inhibit a specific subpopulation of somatostatin-expressing inhibitory interneurons that gate excitatory pulvinar input to V1, resulting in specific pulvinar-driven response amplification of the most stimulus-selective neurons in V1.

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The brain functions as a prediction machine, utilizing an internal model of the world to anticipate sensations and the outcomes of our actions. Discrepancies between expected and actual events, referred to as prediction errors, are leveraged to update the internal model and guide our attention towards unexpected events. Despite the importance of prediction-error signals for various neural computations across the brain, surprisingly little is known about the neural circuit mechanisms responsible ...