Spike-sorting efficacy was systematically assessed across neocortex and thalamu…

Spike-sorting efficacy was systematically assessed across neocortex and thalamus in rat, mouse and human with Kilosort, MountainSort and SpyKING CIRCUS, revealing that — contrary to the assumption that higher density always helps — there is a region- and species-specific optimum inter-electrode spacing that maximizes single-unit yield per electrode.

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  "doi": "10.1038/s41378-025-01115-x",
  "claim": "Spike-sorting efficacy was systematically assessed across neocortex and thalamus in rat, mouse and human with Kilosort, MountainSort and SpyKING CIRCUS, revealing that — contrary to the assumption that higher density always helps — there is a region- and species-specific optimum inter-electrode spacing that maximizes single-unit yield per electrode.",
  "cite_key": "Meszena2026",
  "evidence": "Quantifies a methodological limit of high-density probes for mouse neocortex sampling — relevant to cluster_14 Neuropixels-limits topic.",
  "effect_size": "Clear region- and species-specific optimum in electrode spacing",
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  "study_system": "Neocortex and thalamus electrophysiology in rat, mouse and human",
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  "claim_source_sentence": "Thus, the aims of this study are the following: To assess spike sorting efficacy for different inter-electrode distances across various brain areas (neocortex and thalamus), species (rat, mouse and human), and spike sorting algorithms (Kilosort, MountainSort and SpyKING CIRCUS).",
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  "effect_size_source_sentence": "Contrary to the general assumption that higher electrode density inherently leads to more efficient sorting, both our theoretical and experimental results reveal a clear optimum for electrode spacing specific to species and regions."
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Thus, the aims of this study are the following: To assess spike sorting efficacy for different inter-electrode distances across various brain areas (neocortex and thalamus), species (rat, mouse and human), and spike sorting algorithms (Kilosort, MountainSort and SpyKING CIRCUS).

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15. Methodological limits and emerging tools — what current mouse-cortex tools cannot yet measure about E→E recurrence (subthreshold network activity, fast plasticity in vivo, millimetre-scale dynamic connectomes), and what is on the near horizon

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