Description
The debate identified cholinergic dysfunction as the leading hypothesis but acknowledged causality remains unproven. Determining whether cholinergic loss precedes or follows stellate neuron vulnerability is essential for therapeutic timing and target validation.
Source: Debate session sess_sda-2026-04-01-gap-004 (Analysis: sda-2026-04-01-gap-004)
Resolution criteria
Resolution requires: (1) longitudinal optogenetic labeling of cholinergic neurons (Chat-Cre;ChR2) in living mouse models of AD (5xFAD;Chat-Cre) with concurrent in vivo calcium imaging, determining whether cholinergic loss precedes stellate neuron degeneration by >=4 weeks; (2) comparative transcriptomics of cholinergic and stellate neurons at matched stages of vulnerability in AD models, identifying causal ordering of gene expression changes; (3) interventional experiments (chemogenetic activation of surviving cholinergic neurons) testing whether preventing cholinergic loss rescues stellate neuron vulnerability. Correlation without causal ordering experiments is insufficient.