What mechanisms explain why microglia proteins have opposite cognitive effects in slow vs fast atrophy MCI?

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Description

The study shows CD40 accelerates cognitive decline in slow-atrophy MCI but AXL/TNF-R2 are protective in fast-atrophy MCI. The biological mechanisms underlying these context-dependent, opposing effects of microglia activity remain unexplained.

Gap type: unexplained_observation Source paper: Heterogeneity of cerebral atrophic rate in mild cognitive impairment and its interactive association with proteins related to microglia activity on longitudinal cognitive changes. (2024, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, PMID:39079281)

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