What determines the cell-type specificity of APOE4's most pronounced effects occurring in microglia versus other brain cells?

neuroinflammation open
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Description

While the abstract notes that APOE4 affects astrocytes and neurons but has the strongest impact on microglia, the molecular basis for this cell-type selectivity remains unexplained. This knowledge gap limits understanding of why microglia are particularly vulnerable to APOE4-mediated dysfunction.

Gap type: unexplained_observation Source paper: APOE4 reprograms microglial lipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. (2026, Bioscience trends, PMID:40835432)

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