What resolves this contention: Whether decisions in mouse association cortex em…

What resolves this contention: Whether decisions in mouse association cortex emerge from winner-take-all (discrete-attractor) competition or from history-dependent, transient dynamical states: PPC during evidence accumulation supports the latter, while ALM during motor planning fits the former. Whether this reflects a difference between accumulation and maintenance regimes, between PPC and frontal areas, or between calcium-imaging and electrophysiology read-outs is unresolved. / Therefore, evidence accumulation need not require the explicit competition between groups of neurons, as in winner-take-all models, but could instead emerge implicitly from general dynamical properties that instantiate short-term memory. / Our results show that discrete attractor dynamics underlie short-term memory related to motor planning.