Version history

{
  "kind": "infographic",
  "prompt": "Meta-analytic effect sizes for neuromodulation interventions",
  "provider": "other",
  "raw_fields": {
    "unit": "standardized effect size (d, g, or OR)",
    "papers": [
      {
        "doi": "10.5498/wjp.v16.i2.114457",
        "label": "tDCS cognitive",
        "value": 0.405,
        "n_analyzed": null,
        "n_definition": "number of included studies in meta-analysis",
        "scope_region": "varies by study",
        "taxonomic_level": "human (clinical meta-analyses)",
        "scope_population": "meta-analysis participants for tDCS cognitive",
        "value_source_sentence": "The authors initially reported a moderate, statistically significant enhancement of working memory performance (Hedges' g = 0.405), although this effect became non-significant following adjustment for publication bias."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.1016/j.lanepe.2026.101607",
        "label": "AChE inhibitor cognition",
        "value": 1,
        "n_analyzed": null,
        "n_definition": "number of included studies in meta-analysis",
        "scope_region": "varies by study",
        "taxonomic_level": "human (clinical meta-analyses)",
        "scope_population": "meta-analysis participants for AChE inhibitor cognition",
        "value_source_sentence": "<h4>Background</h4>In 2018, France withdrew reimbursement for cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) in Alzheimer's disease, citing modest efficacy, lack of long-term benefit, and safety concerns."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.7759/cureus.102998",
        "label": "SSRI depression",
        "value": 0.53,
        "n_analyzed": null,
        "n_definition": "number of included studies in meta-analysis",
        "scope_region": "varies by study",
        "taxonomic_level": "human (clinical meta-analyses)",
        "scope_population": "meta-analysis participants for SSRI depression",
        "value_source_sentence": "Compared to placebo, SSRIs significantly reduced pain (eight RCTs, n = 421; SMD -0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.92 to -0.14, p = 0.007) and improved depression (six RCTs, n = 265; SMD -0.67, 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.20, p = 0.005)."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1742882",
        "label": "NE attention",
        "value": 0.71,
        "n_analyzed": null,
        "n_definition": "number of included studies in meta-analysis",
        "scope_region": "varies by study",
        "taxonomic_level": "mixed",
        "scope_population": "meta-analysis participants for NE attention",
        "value_source_sentence": "The three-level meta-analysis revealed a medium-to-large beneficial effect of exercise on inhibitory control (SMD = 0.71, 95% CI [0.52, 0.91], p < 0.001) with negligible heterogeneity (I² = 0%)."
      }
    ],
    "comparison_name": "Meta-analytic effect sizes for neuromodulation interventions",
    "comparison_type": "effect_size_comparison",
    "homogeneity_check": "CRITICAL CAVEATS: Effect sizes use different metrics across meta-analyses (Cohen's d, Hedges' g, odds ratios). Direct comparison across metrics is misleading without conversion. Populations differ (clinical vs. healthy; human vs. animal). Each value represents a pooled estimate from its respective meta-analysis, not a common metric. Any figure must clearly label the metric for each bar and include confidence intervals where available."
  },
  "section_id": "section_12_evidence",
  "source_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationalReviewNeuromodulation/blob/95db5c630fe54e183d9c452cf826ce502d4a872d/evidence/section_12_evidence.json",
  "target_ref": "wiki_page:computationalreviewneuromodulation-12",
  "review_repo": "ComputationalReviewNeuromodulation",
  "section_ref": "wiki_page:computationalreviewneuromodulation-12",
  "source_path": "evidence/section_12_evidence.json",
  "source_refs": [
    "paper:paper-15bc93cdea03",
    "paper:paper-4b4a3f0d9463",
    "paper:paper-bcac8716c952",
    "paper:paper-f3e16094de06"
  ],
  "section_title": "Synthesis and Evidence Assessment: What We Know, What We Think We Know, and What We Don't",
  "source_policy": {
    "mode": "public_source_pointer_with_short_context",
    "notes": [
      "Local review repositories are read-only inputs.",
      "SciDEX stores paper metadata, structured evidence, file pointers, and short citation contexts; it does not copy full review prose."
    ],
    "source_commit_sha": "95db5c630fe54e183d9c452cf826ce502d4a872d",
    "source_repository_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationalReviewNeuromodulation"
  },
  "generation_status": "complete",
  "review_bundle_ref": "analysis_bundle:ab-a3dbbaf9b625",
  "origin_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationalReviewNeuromodulation/blob/95db5c630fe54e183d9c452cf826ce502d4a872d/evidence/section_12_evidence.json",
  "commit_sha": "95db5c630fe54e183d9c452cf826ce502d4a872d",
  "created_by": "persona-jerome-lecoq-gbo-neuroscience",
  "repository_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationalReviewNeuromodulation"
}