{
"metric": "Peak gamma frequency (Hz)",
"papers": [
{
"n": 6,
"doi": "10.1186/s12915-019-0732-7",
"value": "5 Hz",
"cite_key": "Park2020a",
"study_system": "mouse",
"value_source_sentence": "We optically stimulated ChR2-expressing PCs using 5 Hz sinusoidal blue light (470 nm, Fig."
},
{
"n": null,
"doi": "10.1523/jneurosci.0261-20.2020",
"value": "120 Hz",
"cite_key": "Antonoudiou2020",
"study_system": "mouse",
"value_source_sentence": "Introduction γ oscillations (30-120 Hz) are a common feature of active cortical networks, which have been proposed to contribute to local gain control ( Cardin et al., 2009 ; Sohal et al., 2009 ; Sohal, 2016 ) and facilitate transmission between synchronized neuronal assemblies ( Fries, 2005 ; A"
},
{
"n": null,
"doi": "10.1523/eneuro.0452-25.2026",
"value": "12 Hz",
"cite_key": "Williams2026",
"study_system": "mouse",
"value_source_sentence": "In the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC), grid cells—neurons that exhibit spatially periodic firing—are strongly modulated by theta (4–12 Hz) and gamma (40–140 Hz) oscillations."
},
{
"n": 3,
"doi": "10.1523/jneurosci.2113-04.2004",
"value": "100 Hz",
"cite_key": "Hajos2004",
"study_system": "rat",
"value_source_sentence": "Gamma frequency (30-100 Hz) network oscillations occur in the intact hippocampus during awake, attentive behavior."
},
{
"n": null,
"doi": "10.1101/2025.09.05.674527",
"value": "140 Hz",
"cite_key": "Williams2025a",
"study_system": "mouse",
"value_source_sentence": "Gamma oscillations (40–140 Hz) play a fundamental role in neural coordination, facilitating communication and cognitive functions in the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC)."
},
{
"n": 15,
"doi": "10.1126/sciadv.adj7427",
"value": "80 Hz",
"cite_key": "Hadler2024",
"study_system": "mouse",
"value_source_sentence": "Hippocampal gamma oscillations (30 to 80 Hz) contribute to the generation, storage, and retrieval of memories and have been studied extensively in vivo ( 12 , 13 ), ex vivo ( 14 ), and in silico ( 15 )."
}
],
"section": "4.3",
"n_analyzed": "varies by study",
"n_definition": "varies: recording sites, animals, or trials",
"scope_region": "neocortex (primarily V1, barrel cortex, prefrontal)",
"comparison_name": "PV-driven gamma oscillation frequency across experimental preparations",
"taxonomic_level": "N/A",
"scope_population": "PV+ interneurons and local network",
"homogeneity_check": "CAUTION: Studies vary in cortical area, species (mouse vs rat vs primate), recording method (LFP vs MUA vs intracellular), and whether gamma was spontaneous or optogenetically evoked. Direct comparison of frequency values requires matching species and preparation."
}