Parvalbumin Interneurons: Perisomatic Inhibition, Gamma Oscillations, and the L…

Parvalbumin Interneurons: Perisomatic Inhibition, Gamma Oscillations, and the Limits of a Unified Framework

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^{1Citationpaper:paper-36c5c816c1adParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...
^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...
^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference} PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}. ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference} PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1. ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4. ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6 PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7. ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8 demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0. ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3. ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6. ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{4Citationpaper:paper-21b4420ef885Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9. ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2. ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5. ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8. ^{5Citationpaper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}0 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}1. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}2 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}3 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}4. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}5 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}6 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}7. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}8 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}9 The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}0. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}1 showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}2 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}3. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}4 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}5. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}6 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}7. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}8 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}9. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2 Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}0 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}1. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}2 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}3. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}4 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}5. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}6 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}7. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}8 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}9. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}0 Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}1. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}2 This challenge to PV exclusivity has been reinforced by multiple lines of evidence. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}3 found that PV and SST interneurons contribute to gamma oscillations through distinct mechanisms, with PV cells driving fast gamma synchronization and SST cells modulating slower gamma components. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}4 demonstrated that PV interneurons synchronize hippocampal network activity through a mechanism that depends...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}5 This challenge to PV exclusivity has been reinforced by multiple lines of evidence. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}6 found that PV and SST interneurons contribute to gamma oscillations through distinct mechanisms, with PV cells driving fast gamma synchronization and SST cells modulating slower gamma components. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}7 demonstrated that PV interneurons synchronize hippocampal network activity through a mechanism that depends...
^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}8 This challenge to PV exclusivity has been reinforced by multiple lines of evidence. ^{6Citationpaper:paper-30dd8aa41b48PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference, 3Citationpaper:paper-cd913aa53986Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference, 7Citationpaper:paper-ad7637e792a4PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 7Open reference}9 found that PV and SST interneurons contribute to gamma oscillations through distinct mechanisms, with PV cells driving fast gamma synchronization and SST cells modulating slower gamma components. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}00 demonstrated that PV interneurons synchronize hippocampal network activity through a mechanism that depends...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}01 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}02 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}03 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}04 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}05 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}06 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}07 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}08 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}09 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}10 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}11 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}12 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}13 The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}14 argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...
^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}15 The gamma frequency range itself varies substantially across studies and preparations, from approximately 30 Hz in hippocampal slice preparations ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}16 to frequencies exceeding 100 Hz in awake behaving animals ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}17. ^{2Citationpaper:paper-179bb7ddea7fParvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...content/04_pv_interneurons.md:line 5Open reference}18 demonstrated that gamma oscillations in hippocampal slices require intact GABAergic transmission and depend on PV interneuron networks, with peak frequenc...
... 131 additional anchors in refs_json

References

[Veres2017] paper:paper-36c5c816c1ad “Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...”
[Hansen2018] paper:paper-179bb7ddea7f “Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...”
[Szabo2010] paper:paper-cd913aa53986 “Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...”
[Rozov2024] paper:paper-21b4420ef885 “Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...”
[Micheva2021] paper:paper-0ecda3d7d9f5 “Parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the most thoroughly characterized inhibitory cell type in the mammalian cortex, yet the sheer volume of literature has paradoxically obscured persistent ambiguities. Their defining functional property — fast perisomatic inhibition that controls spike timing and output gain — has been independently replicated across species, cortical areas, and laboratories [Veres2017, Hansen20...”
[Freund2003] paper:paper-30dd8aa41b48 “PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...”
[Karson2009] paper:paper-ad7637e792a4 “PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...”
[Oldre2025] paper:paper-8e7d1108764f “PV basket cells provide the majority of perisomatic GABAergic synapses onto cortical pyramidal neurons, a connectivity motif conserved across hippocampus and neocortex [Freund2003, Szabo2010, Karson2009]. [Szabo2010] demonstrated that perisomatic inhibition in the hippocampus originates from three distinct interneuron types — PV basket cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) basket cells, and axo-axonic cells — each contributi...”
[Ferrante2015] paper:paper-15ebb7f64a09 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Lee2020] paper:paper-465338d48b81 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Hull2017] paper:paper-9813c17e0dd1 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Feng2019] paper:paper-784692f0aac4 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Hu2013] paper:paper-be41a3526e45 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Parrish2019] paper:paper-a49c9ad70b2d “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Herrera2016] paper:paper-706e0c727eb7 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Connelly2016] paper:paper-147fc30e0706 “The temporal precision of PV-mediated perisomatic inhibition establishes narrow windows for spike generation, a property essential for feedforward inhibition in thalamocortical circuits [Ferrante2015, Lee2020, Hull2017, Feng2019]. [Ferrante2015] showed that feedforward inhibition in hippocampal CA1 enables pyramidal cells to remain responsive to temporally precise inputs while filtering sustained activity, with PV i...”
[Jadi2016] paper:paper-7f39f00ef933 “Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity [Jadi2016, Domhof2021]. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...”
[Domhof2021] paper:paper-81062ac07a48 “Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity [Jadi2016, Domhof2021]. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...”
[Susin2021] paper:paper-1812e3715657 “Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity [Jadi2016, Domhof2021]. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...”
[Szekeres-Paraczky2022] paper:paper-95af28843326 “Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity [Jadi2016, Domhof2021]. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...”
[Caccavano2020] paper:paper-54726517a4fb “Beyond feedforward circuits, PV interneurons participate in recurrent inhibition that stabilizes cortical dynamics. The inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) model posits that strong recurrent excitation in cortical circuits requires equally strong PV-mediated feedback inhibition to prevent runaway activity [Jadi2016, Domhof2021]. Evidence for ISN-like dynamics has accumulated from multiple preparations: paradoxical r...”
[Buzsaki2012] paper:paper-48b808525190 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Fernandez-Ruiz2023] paper:paper-b9dbdc888fba “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Gonzalez-Burgos2012] paper:paper-e5b6d90799d6 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Antonoudiou2020] paper:paper-4d3be038bd01 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Onorato2025] paper:paper-19f771cb3f48 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Jiang2016] paper:paper-24ddf27bec55 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Hosseini2024] paper:paper-ef90faa612a2 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Hosseini2025] paper:paper-e0fa4d033504 “Gamma-frequency oscillations (30–80 Hz in standard definitions, though usage varies from 20 to 150 Hz across studies) are among the most replicated correlates of active cortical processing [Buzsaki2012, Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Gonzalez-Burgos2012]. The causal link between PV interneuron activity and gamma oscillation generation represents one of the most independently replicated findings in systems neuroscience: optogen...”
[Schlingloff2025] paper:paper-5ba86585760e “This challenge to PV exclusivity has been reinforced by multiple lines of evidence. [Onorato2025] found that PV and SST interneurons contribute to gamma oscillations through distinct mechanisms, with PV cells driving fast gamma synchronization and SST cells modulating slower gamma components. [Schlingloff2025] demonstrated that PV interneurons synchronize hippocampal network activity through a mechanism that depends...”
[Toth2021] paper:paper-885dffff751d “This challenge to PV exclusivity has been reinforced by multiple lines of evidence. [Onorato2025] found that PV and SST interneurons contribute to gamma oscillations through distinct mechanisms, with PV cells driving fast gamma synchronization and SST cells modulating slower gamma components. [Schlingloff2025] demonstrated that PV interneurons synchronize hippocampal network activity through a mechanism that depends...”
[Hajos2004] paper:paper-b360772e9ad0 “The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: [Gonzalez-Burgos2012] argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...”
[Cunningham2003] paper:paper-05f14b8f70f0 “The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: [Gonzalez-Burgos2012] argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...”
[Jang2020] paper:paper-3f059d958b0c “The question of whether gamma oscillations are exclusively PV-dependent constitutes one of the most consequential debates in this literature. The PV-exclusivity position rests on substantial evidence: [Gonzalez-Burgos2012] argued that gamma oscillations are dependent on inhibitory neurotransmission specifically from PV-containing neurons, citing pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic evidence converging on this c...”
[Williams2025a] paper:paper-6fd23422eed5 “The gamma frequency range itself varies substantially across studies and preparations, from approximately 30 Hz in hippocampal slice preparations [Hajos2004] to frequencies exceeding 100 Hz in awake behaving animals [Fernandez-Ruiz2023, Williams2025a]. [Hajos2004] demonstrated that gamma oscillations in hippocampal slices require intact GABAergic transmission and depend on PV interneuron networks, with peak frequenc...”

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