The role of Type I and Type II Interferon in the adaptive response to blood stage malaria infection.

The Journal of Immunology 2016

Won-Ho Hahn, Michael Gale, D. M. Stetson, W. Conrad Liles, Marion Pepper

Abstract

Abstract Background The adaptive immune response is critical during the host response to blood stage malaria infection but the cytokine networks important in the development of an appropriate adaptive response are unclear. Type I and Type II gene networks are upregulated in response to blood stage malaria infection in both humans and mice. Methods In a murine model of blood stage malaria infection (Plasmodium yoelli), we utilized a tetramer-based approach to examine the effects of Type I and Type II interferon on the antigen specific adaptive immunologic CD4+ T-cell and B-cell response. Disruptions in both Type I and Type II interferon had substantial effects on the cellular immune response and also affected the course of infection. Mice with disruption in Type I Interferon signals had worsened parasitemia early whereas mice with disruption in Type II interferon signals had problems with delayed clearance of the parasite. Conclusion We conclude that Type I and Type II Interferon responses have distinct roles in the host response to blood stage malaria infection. We conclude that early Type I Interferon signals are important for appropriate adaptive response whereas early Type II interferon signals are disruptive for late clearance of the parasite.

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