{
"title": "Proportion of Animals Showing Compulsive-Like Drug Seeking Across Paradigms",
"papers": [
{
"doi": "10.1037/bne0000590",
"value": "(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)",
"cite_key": "Felix2024",
"value_source_sentence": "(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)"
},
{
"doi": "10.1038/s41380-024-02455-2",
"value": "At the end of the punishment phase, rats underwent 15 days of forced abstinence at the end of which they were re-introduced to the SA paradigm followe",
"cite_key": "Daiwile2024",
"value_source_sentence": "At the end of the punishment phase, rats underwent 15 days of forced abstinence at the end of which they were re-introduced to the SA paradigm followed by SA plus contingent shocks"
},
{
"doi": "10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.03.004",
"value": "In experiment 3, cluster analysis of the aggression-related measures identified a subset of \"addicted\" mice (∼19%) that exhibited intense operant-rein",
"cite_key": "Golden2017",
"value_source_sentence": "In experiment 3, cluster analysis of the aggression-related measures identified a subset of \"addicted\" mice (∼19%) that exhibited intense operant-reinforced attack behavior, decreased likelihood to select an alternative reinforcer over aggression, heightened relapse vulnerability and progressive rat"
},
{
"doi": "10.1038/s41386-024-01940-0",
"value": "We trained Long-Evans outbred rats (n = 96) to self-administer 20% ethanol, and then introduced response-contingent footshock",
"cite_key": "McDonald2024",
"value_source_sentence": "We trained Long-Evans outbred rats (n = 96) to self-administer 20% ethanol, and then introduced response-contingent footshock"
},
{
"doi": "10.1038/s41398-026-03825-w",
"value": "Only a minority of alcohol users develop alcohol use disorder (AUD), and the extent to which vulnerability to this condition depends on sex remains in",
"cite_key": "Borruto2026",
"value_source_sentence": "Only a minority of alcohol users develop alcohol use disorder (AUD), and the extent to which vulnerability to this condition depends on sex remains insufficiently explored in preclinical research"
},
{
"doi": "10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107974",
"value": "Male LEW and F344 rats aged six weeks were exposed to increasing Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) doses, twice a day for 3 days (2, 4, 8 mg/kg",
"cite_key": "Lecca2020",
"value_source_sentence": "Male LEW and F344 rats aged six weeks were exposed to increasing Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) doses, twice a day for 3 days (2, 4, 8 mg/kg, i"
},
{
"doi": "10.1101/2024.07.08.602268",
"value": "This uniformity contrasts sharply with the significantly different ways humans use heroin and cocaine, which are characterized by highly individualize",
"cite_key": "DOttavio2024",
"value_source_sentence": "This uniformity contrasts sharply with the significantly different ways humans use heroin and cocaine, which are characterized by highly individualized drug use behaviors"
}
],
"n_analyzed": "Animals classified as 'compulsive' by study-specific criteria",
"description": "Cross-study comparison of the fraction of animals meeting criteria for compulsive drug taking",
"n_definition": "Total animals with drug access across the full experimental protocol",
"scope_region": "N/A - behavioral classification",
"comparison_id": "fig3_compulsivity_rates",
"source_cluster": 5,
"taxonomic_level": "Species-specific (rat)",
"scope_population": "Outbred adult rats",
"homogeneity_check": {
"caveats": [
"Criteria for 'compulsive-like' behavior vary across labs (Deroche-Gamonet 3-criteria vs punishment persistence vs escalation + punishment)",
"Different drugs studied (cocaine vs methamphetamine vs opioids)",
"Access duration varies",
"Punishment parameters (shock intensity, contingency) differ",
"Some studies classify animals post-hoc, others use prospective criteria"
],
"comparable": false
}
}