Vulnerability, Development, and Individual Differences: Why Not Everyone Become…

{
  "name": "Sign-tracker vs goal-tracker: dopamine and behavioral differences",
  "papers": [
    {
      "doi": "10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.018",
      "value": null,
      "cite_key": "Colaizzi2020",
      "n_analyzed": null,
      "n_definition": "animals phenotyped as ST or GT",
      "scope_region": "nucleus accumbens / VTA",
      "scope_population": "outbred rats (Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans)",
      "value_source_sentence": "Whereas goal-trackers are biased toward the outcome, sign-trackers fixate on features that are associated with but not necessary for achieving an outcome; a pattern of behavior that often leads to escalation of reward-seeking that can be maladaptive."
    },
    {
      "doi": "10.1111/jnc.13524",
      "value": "p>1",
      "cite_key": "Fitzpatrick2016",
      "n_analyzed": null,
      "n_definition": "animals phenotyped as ST or GT",
      "scope_region": "nucleus accumbens / VTA",
      "scope_population": "outbred rats (Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans)",
      "value_source_sentence": "Levels of myo-inositol (Ins), a <sup>1</sup> H-MRS-detectable marker of glial activity/proliferation, were increased in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral hippocampus, but not dorsal hippocampus or medial prefrontal cortex, of sign-trackers compared to goal-trackers or intermediate responders."
    },
    {
      "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1416222",
      "value": null,
      "cite_key": "Su2024",
      "n_analyzed": null,
      "n_definition": "animals phenotyped as ST or GT",
      "scope_region": "nucleus accumbens / VTA",
      "scope_population": "outbred rats (Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans)",
      "value_source_sentence": "Differences observed in Sign-trackers (ST) and Goal-trackers (GT) during Pavlovian conditioning may shed light on individual variances in drug addiction."
    },
    {
      "doi": "10.1523/jneurosci.1486-22.2023",
      "value": null,
      "cite_key": "Bacharach2023",
      "n_analyzed": null,
      "n_definition": "animals phenotyped as ST or GT",
      "scope_region": "nucleus accumbens / VTA",
      "scope_population": "outbred rats (Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans)",
      "value_source_sentence": "Our results suggest that CB1R signaling in the VTA influences the balance between the conditioned stimulus-evoked and US-evoked dopamine responses in the NAc shell and biases behavioral responding to cues in sign-tracking rats.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing psychological disorder that affects a subset of individuals who engage in drug use."
    }
  ],
  "n_definition": "rats classified by phenotype",
  "scope_region": "nucleus accumbens",
  "comparison_type": "phenotype_comparison",
  "taxonomic_level": "N/A",
  "scope_population": "outbred rats",
  "homogeneity_check": "Studies use different rat strains and behavioral paradigms for ST/GT classification. Dopamine measurements span microdialysis and voltammetry. Cross-study quantitative comparison limited."
}

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  "paper:paper-b73dc0503e94",
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    "Local review repositories are read-only inputs.",
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