{
"title": "Interneuron proportions across mammalian species",
"papers": [
{
"doi": "10.1186/s13287-025-04603-z",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": "Du2025",
"comparison_value": "50%",
"value_source_sentence": "Calretinin-expressing interneurons, the most prominent type, constitute approximately 50% of human cortical GABAergic neurons and are closely linked to cognition."
},
{
"doi": "10.3389/fnsyn.2026.1766413",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": null,
"comparison_value": "54%",
"value_source_sentence": "Specifically, we observed acute enhancement of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) amplitudes in 54% of fast-spiking interneurons and in 15% of non-fast-spiking interneuron types."
},
{
"doi": "10.3389/fncir.2025.1644572",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": null,
"comparison_value": "85.3%",
"value_source_sentence": "Based on our serial-section electron microscopy (ssEM) reconstructions and corresponding light microscopy (LM) databases of CBP dendrites, it was calculated that on average a single CB+, CR+, and PV+ interneuron receives 2,136, 2,148, and 2,589 synapses, respectively, of which 74.6, 81.5, and 85.3% are excitatory, that is, asymmetric, and the remaining inhibitory, that is, symmetric."
},
{
"doi": "10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119813",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": null,
"comparison_value": "10%",
"value_source_sentence": "However, the physiological basis of the large changes in GABA and glutamate observed by fMRS (>10%) over short time scales of less than a minute remain unclear as such changes cannot be accounted for by known synthesis or degradation metabolic pathways."
},
{
"doi": "10.3389/fnana.2014.00103",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": null,
"comparison_value": "50%",
"value_source_sentence": "Equally important to the changes in glutamatergic population, we found that literature data suggest a 50% increase in the proportion of neocortical GABAergic neurons between primates and rodents."
},
{
"doi": "10.3389/fnana.2014.00050",
"unit": "percentage of total neurons",
"metric": "interneuron proportion",
"cite_key": null,
"comparison_value": "7%",
"value_source_sentence": "In most mammalians, parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons have constant proportions, each representing 5-7% of the total neuron number."
},
{
"doi": "10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7",
"unit": "percentage of total interneurons",
"metric": "MGE vs CGE interneuron proportions",
"cite_key": "Hodge2019",
"comparison_value": "Human: 50.2% MGE, 44.2% CGE; Mouse: 67.8% MGE, 30.8% CGE",
"value_source_sentence": "Again, we found similar proportions of MGE (50.2 ± 2.3%) and CGE (44.2 ± 2.4%) interneurons in human, and >2 times as many MGE (67.8 ± 0.9%) than CGE (30.8 ± 1.2%) interneurons in mouse."
},
{
"doi": "10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7",
"unit": "cortical layers",
"metric": "rosehip cell laminar distribution",
"cite_key": "Hodge2019",
"comparison_value": "Rosehip cells (Inh L1-4 LAMP5 LCP2) present in all cortical layers, not just L1",
"value_source_sentence": "Inh L1-4 LAMP5 LCP2 matched rosehip cells, discovered in L1 but present in all cortical layers."
}
],
"figure_id": "fig_sec11_interneuron_proportions_species",
"n_analyzed": null,
"description": "Percentage of GABAergic neurons among total cortical neurons across species",
"n_definition": "varies - stereological counts, single-cell studies, or immunohistochemistry",
"scope_region": "neocortex (various areas)",
"comparison_type": "cross-species comparison",
"taxonomic_level": "class level (GABAergic vs glutamatergic)",
"scope_population": "GABAergic neurons as fraction of total neurons",
"homogeneity_check": "Different methodologies across studies (stereology vs scRNA-seq vs immunohistochemistry). Cortical region varies. Direct numerical comparison requires caution."
}