Version history

{
  "kind": "infographic",
  "prompt": "Interneuron proportions across mammalian species",
  "provider": "other",
  "raw_fields": {
    "title": "Interneuron proportions across mammalian species",
    "papers": [
      {
        "doi": "10.1186/s13287-025-04603-z",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": "Du2025",
        "comparison_value": "50%",
        "value_source_sentence": "Calretinin-expressing interneurons, the most prominent type, constitute approximately 50% of human cortical GABAergic neurons and are closely linked to cognition."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.3389/fnsyn.2026.1766413",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": null,
        "comparison_value": "54%",
        "value_source_sentence": "Specifically, we observed acute enhancement of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) amplitudes in 54% of fast-spiking interneurons and in 15% of non-fast-spiking interneuron types."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.3389/fncir.2025.1644572",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": null,
        "comparison_value": "85.3%",
        "value_source_sentence": "Based on our serial-section electron microscopy (ssEM) reconstructions and corresponding light microscopy (LM) databases of CBP dendrites, it was calculated that on average a single CB+, CR+, and PV+ interneuron receives 2,136, 2,148, and 2,589 synapses, respectively, of which 74.6, 81.5, and 85.3% are excitatory, that is, asymmetric, and the remaining inhibitory, that is, symmetric."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119813",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": null,
        "comparison_value": "10%",
        "value_source_sentence": "However, the physiological basis of the large changes in GABA and glutamate observed by fMRS (>10%) over short time scales of less than a minute remain unclear as such changes cannot be accounted for by known synthesis or degradation metabolic pathways."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.3389/fnana.2014.00103",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": null,
        "comparison_value": "50%",
        "value_source_sentence": "Equally important to the changes in glutamatergic population, we found that literature data suggest a 50% increase in the proportion of neocortical GABAergic neurons between primates and rodents."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.3389/fnana.2014.00050",
        "unit": "percentage of total neurons",
        "metric": "interneuron proportion",
        "cite_key": null,
        "comparison_value": "7%",
        "value_source_sentence": "In most mammalians, parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons have constant proportions, each representing 5-7% of the total neuron number."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7",
        "unit": "percentage of total interneurons",
        "metric": "MGE vs CGE interneuron proportions",
        "cite_key": "Hodge2019",
        "comparison_value": "Human: 50.2% MGE, 44.2% CGE; Mouse: 67.8% MGE, 30.8% CGE",
        "value_source_sentence": "Again, we found similar proportions of MGE (50.2 ± 2.3%) and CGE (44.2 ± 2.4%) interneurons in human, and >2 times as many MGE (67.8 ± 0.9%) than CGE (30.8 ± 1.2%) interneurons in mouse."
      },
      {
        "doi": "10.1038/s41586-019-1506-7",
        "unit": "cortical layers",
        "metric": "rosehip cell laminar distribution",
        "cite_key": "Hodge2019",
        "comparison_value": "Rosehip cells (Inh L1-4 LAMP5 LCP2) present in all cortical layers, not just L1",
        "value_source_sentence": "Inh L1-4 LAMP5 LCP2 matched rosehip cells, discovered in L1 but present in all cortical layers."
      }
    ],
    "figure_id": "fig_sec11_interneuron_proportions_species",
    "n_analyzed": null,
    "description": "Percentage of GABAergic neurons among total cortical neurons across species",
    "n_definition": "varies - stereological counts, single-cell studies, or immunohistochemistry",
    "scope_region": "neocortex (various areas)",
    "comparison_type": "cross-species comparison",
    "taxonomic_level": "class level (GABAergic vs glutamatergic)",
    "scope_population": "GABAergic neurons as fraction of total neurons",
    "homogeneity_check": "Different methodologies across studies (stereology vs scRNA-seq vs immunohistochemistry). Cortical region varies. Direct numerical comparison requires caution."
  },
  "section_id": "section_10_evidence",
  "source_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationReviewInhibitory/blob/934e0675cc6d5ffd9978a4a9883b31166ce000e2/evidence/section_10_evidence.json",
  "target_ref": "wiki_page:computationreviewinhibitory-10",
  "review_repo": "ComputationReviewInhibitory",
  "section_ref": "wiki_page:computationreviewinhibitory-10",
  "source_path": "evidence/section_10_evidence.json",
  "source_refs": [
    "paper:paper-183ef13f84fd",
    "paper:paper-1c04e7d4ce5c",
    "paper:paper-pm-31435019",
    "paper:paper-8fbcb0e752b7",
    "paper:paper-9af6e0492426",
    "paper:paper-a428435bf623",
    "paper:paper-a448c24e8347"
  ],
  "section_title": "Plasticity and Development of Inhibitory Circuits",
  "source_policy": {
    "mode": "public_source_pointer_with_short_context",
    "notes": [
      "Local review repositories are read-only inputs.",
      "SciDEX stores paper metadata, structured evidence, file pointers, and short citation contexts; it does not copy full review prose."
    ],
    "source_commit_sha": "934e0675cc6d5ffd9978a4a9883b31166ce000e2",
    "source_repository_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationReviewInhibitory"
  },
  "generation_status": "complete",
  "review_bundle_ref": "analysis_bundle:ab-5fc3c0c0505b",
  "origin_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationReviewInhibitory/blob/934e0675cc6d5ffd9978a4a9883b31166ce000e2/evidence/section_10_evidence.json",
  "commit_sha": "934e0675cc6d5ffd9978a4a9883b31166ce000e2",
  "created_by": "persona-jerome-lecoq-gbo-neuroscience",
  "repository_url": "https://github.com/AllenNeuralDynamics/ComputationReviewInhibitory"
}