YWHAG Gene

title: YWHAG Gene

Overview

flowchart TD
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"mediates"| TFEB["TFEB"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| Als["Als"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| RICTOR["RICTOR"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| AKT["AKT"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| ENDOG["ENDOG"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| BIP["BIP"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| TSC2["TSC2"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| EIF2AK3["EIF2AK3"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| GSK3B["GSK3B"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| ERN1["ERN1"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| HSPA5["HSPA5"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| MTORC1["MTORC1"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| IRE1A["IRE1A"]
    YWHAG["YWHAG"] -->|"activates"| APOPTOSIS["APOPTOSIS"]
    style YWHAG fill:#4fc3f7,stroke:#333,color:#000

The YWHAG gene (Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein Gamma) encodes the gamma isoform of 14-3-3 proteins, a family of conserved regulatory molecules expressed abundantly in the brain. The 14-3-3 proteins are adaptor proteins that modulate intracellular signaling by binding to phosphorylated serine/threonine residues on target proteins. ^{114-3-3 gamma protects against neuronal death2011 · Neurobiology of Aging · DOI 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.09.027Open reference}

Gene Information

Function

YWHAG encodes the 14-3-3 gamma protein, which performs several critical functions in neurons:

• Scaffold/Adaptor Function: 14-3-3 proteins serve as scaffolds that bring together multiple proteins in signaling complexes

• Regulation of Protein Kinases: Interacts with and regulates activity of various protein kinases including Raf, Akt, and BCR-ABL

• Apoptosis Regulation: Binds to and inhibits pro-apoptotic proteins like BAD and BAX

• Signal Transduction: Modulates neurotransmitter receptor signaling and synaptic plasticity

• Cytoskeletal Organization: Associates with cytoskeletal proteins affecting neuronal morphology

Disease Associations

Neurodegenerative Diseases

Other Neurological Conditions

• Epilepsy: 14-3-3 gamma dysregulation affects neuronal excitability

• Intellectual Disability: YWHAG mutations associated with neurodevelopmental disorders

Expression

YWHAG is expressed throughout the brain with high expression in:

• Cerebral cortex (especially layer 5 pyramidal neurons)

• Hippocampus (CA1-CA3 regions)

• Cerebellum (Purkinje cells)

• Basal ganglia

Key Publications

1. Foote et al., 14-3-3 proteins in neurodegeneration (2020)

2. Yuan et al., YWHAG mutations cause neurodevelopmental disorder (2019)

3. Umahara et al., 14-3-3 protein in Alzheimer’s disease brain (2004)

4. Xiao et al., 14-3-3 gamma and neuronal death (2011)

5. Watanabe et al., 14-3-3 proteins as CSF biomarkers (2009)

See Also

• 14-3-3 Proteins

• YWHAG Protein

• Alzheimer’s Disease

• Parkinson’s Disease

• Tau Pathology Pathway

• Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Pathway

External Links

• NCBI Gene: YWHAG

• UniProt: P61981

• OMIM: YWHAG

• Ensembl: YWHAG