In mouse retrosplenial cortex L5 pyramidal neurons, simultaneous GCaMP recordin…

In mouse retrosplenial cortex L5 pyramidal neurons, simultaneous GCaMP recording of somas and distal apical dendrites during a brain-computer interface task reveals that dendritic versus somatic signal magnitudes encode different task-related variables (reward, error) — consistent with the hypothesis that feedforward and feedback information streams are processed in distinct dendritic compartments to vectorize translaminar instructive signals.

{
  "n": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41586-026-10190-7",
  "claim": "In mouse retrosplenial cortex L5 pyramidal neurons, simultaneous GCaMP recording of somas and distal apical dendrites during a brain-computer interface task reveals that dendritic versus somatic signal magnitudes encode different task-related variables (reward, error) — consistent with the hypothesis that feedforward and feedback information streams are processed in distinct dendritic compartments to vectorize translaminar instructive signals.",
  "cite_key": "Francioni2026",
  "evidence": "Mice trained on a neurofeedback BCI task; spatially intermingled populations (4–5 neurons each) of L5 pyramidal neurons in retrosplenial cortex; two-photon GCaMP imaging of somas and matched distal apical dendrites.",
  "effect_size": "Causally-defined sign-dependent putative teaching signals in apical dendrites; effect sizes in figures.",
  "text_access": "fulltext",
  "study_system": "adult mouse retrosplenial cortex, in vivo two-photon GCaMP imaging of L5 pyramidal soma and distal apical dendrites during BCI neurofeedback task",
  "argument_role": "supporting",
  "replication_status": "single_study",
  "claim_source_sentence": "We observed that the relative magnitudes of somatic and dendritic signals could be predicted using the activity of the surrounding network and contained information about task-related variables that could serve as instructive signals, including reward and error.",
  "source_provenance_status": "ok",
  "replication_evidence_dois": [
    "10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004090"
  ],
  "effect_size_source_sentence": null
}

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We observed that the relative magnitudes of somatic and dendritic signals could be predicted using the activity of the surrounding network and contained information about task-related variables that could serve as instructive signals, including reward and error.

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