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{
  "pmid": "37824638",
  "doi": "10.1126/science.ade9516",
  "abstract": "The cognitive abilities of humans are distinctive among primates, but their molecular and cellular substrates are poorly understood. We used comparative single-nucleus transcriptomics to analyze samples of the middle temporal gyrus (MTG) from adult humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, rhesus macaques, and common marmosets to understand human-specific features of the neocortex. Human, chimpanzee, and gorilla MTG showed highly similar cell-type composition and laminar organization as well as a large shift in proportions of deep-layer intratelencephalic-projecting neurons compared with macaque and marmoset MTG. Microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes had more-divergent expression across species compared with neurons or oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and neuronal expression diverged more rapidly on the human lineage. Only a few hundred genes showed human-specific patterning, suggesting that relatively few cellular and molecular changes distinctively define adult human cortical structure.",
  "journal": "Science",
  "year": 2023,
  "authors": "Jorstad, Song, Exposito-Alonso, Suresh, Castro-Pacheco et al.",
  "url": "https://repository.cshl.edu/id/eprint/41279/1/science.ade9516.pdf",
  "external_ids": {
    "doi": "10.1126/science.ade9516",
    "pmid": "37824638",
    "pmcid": "",
    "openalex": "W4387595270",
    "orcid_author": "0000-0001-9012-6552"
  },
  "citation_count": 183
}